Problem Zakat Menurut Ulama Klasik Dan Kontemporer

Abstract

Zakat remains one of the most important instruments in Islamic economics because it contains spiritual, social, and economic dimensions. Classical scholars generally discussed zakat only within the scope of agriculture, livestock, trade, gold, and silver because these sectors dominated economic activities during their era. However, modern economic developments have created new forms of wealth such as salaries, professional income, investment assets, digital businesses, and cryptocurrency that were not specifically discussed in classical fiqh. This article aims to analyze zakat problems according to classical and contemporary scholars and examine how Islamic law adapts to social and economic changes. This study uses a qualitative approach through library research by examining classical fiqh books, journals, and Islamic economic references. The findings show that contemporary scholars tend to broaden the meaning of zakat through qiyas and maqashid sharia approaches to preserve the social objectives of zakat. The study concludes that zakat remains relevant as an instrument of social justice and economic welfare in modern Muslim society.